How it works

A structured conversation—not a shortcut.

Restorative justice asks what harm occurred, who was affected, what responsibility looks like, and what could help make things right.

What makes a process restorative?

There is no single format. A process may use a conference, circle, dialogue, or indirect communication. What matters is careful preparation, informed participation, attention to safety, and a focus on repair.

Participation should be informed and voluntary.

A facilitator should explain the process, possible outcomes, confidentiality limits, and each person’s choices before anyone agrees to take part.

What usually happens

  1. 01

    Referral and suitability

    A program receives a referral and learns enough about the situation to decide whether further assessment makes sense.

  2. 02

    Separate preparation

    The facilitator meets participants separately, checks readiness and safety, and asks what each person would need from the process.

  3. 03

    Facilitated communication

    Participants may discuss impact, responsibility, questions, and possible steps toward repair. Communication can sometimes happen indirectly.

  4. 04

    Agreement and follow-up

    When participants reach an agreement, the program records the commitments and follows up. Not every process results in an agreement.

What it is not

Restorative justice is not simply forgiveness, reconciliation, mediation, or avoiding consequences. No person should be pressured to meet, accept an apology, or agree to an outcome.